Top 10 Tips for 2012 Application #6 Transcripts COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Top 10 Tips for 2012 Application â€" #6 Transcripts COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog This is the sixth entry in our “Top 10? list to assist you with understanding the process of submitting your 2012 admission application to SIPA.   This entry is focused on advice regarding the submission of transcripts.   I have tried to break the entry into categories based on our process/requirements and common questions we receive. Official vs. Unofficial At SIPA we will accept unofficial transcripts for application review.   If an applicant is admitted to our program and chooses to attend we will require official transcripts at a later time.   We feel that the submission of unofficial transcripts makes the process easier for applicants and allows us to process applications more quickly.   Therefore, we prefer that you upload transcripts to our application site (by definition these will be unofficial because they will be coming directly from you and not directly from the school). No matter what, we do need the grading legend included.   The grading legend shows information about the grading system used and often includes other information related to abbreviations that are used on transcripts. You can find an example of what I mean by a grading legend by clicking here.   Most universities will include this automatically when you request a transcript, however please make sure to ask for it. What Transcripts Are Needed? Our general response is we need transcripts for all coursework completed since graduation from high school.   We do not need high school transcripts.   For those that received college credit for coursework completed in high school, this information is typically listed on the college/university transcript.   If there are no grades but only credits for your high school coursework, this is acceptable. Lets say for example that an applicant attended UCLA for two years and then transferred to Michigan and completed his/her degree.   We would need a transcript from both UCLA and Michigan not a single transcript from Michigan showing the courses that were transferred in. In this example, both schools have their own grading systems and codes and we need to see the codes for each individual school. Grades, Grades, Grades The general rule regarding whether multiple transcripts completed toward a single degree are required is we need grades for all courses completed.   However, we do not need the grades translated or converted to American grades.   What is very important is that a grading legend or key be included when you submit your transcript(s). If your school used a 1-20 scale that is fine, you do not need to convert into a 4.0 scale.   On a 20 point scale, Is 1 good?   Is 20 good?   We will not know unless the transcript legend is included.   Each year we can receive transcripts from close to 1,000 different colleges/universities and we want to look no further than your file for what we need.   Related to this . . . . Question: I completed a study abroad program while in college, do I need to request a separate transcript for the classes I completed abroad? The answer is, it depends.   Ultimately we need the grades received for all coursework completed.   So, if the grading system used at the study abroad school was different and there are no grades on your home school transcript, then the answer is Yes, we need the study abroad transcript. In this example, if we simply saw the title of the class and a number of credits on your home school transcript but no grade, it is not acceptable we would need a transcript from the study abroad school with the grades and legend explaining the grades. However, if you took classes abroad and the grades for these courses are reported on your home school transcript according the grading scale used by your home school, we would not need a separate transcript. Question:   Help!   I cannot get my transcript to upload, what should I do!? First, there are four places available on the site for uploading transcripts.   They are labeled as follows: Primary Bachelor Degree Additional Degree Further Degree Non-Degree Coursework/Continuing Education Each section will accept a file up to 1000kb(1mb) in size.   If you try to upload a file larger than 1mb to an individual section you will receive an error message. Referring back to the example above, let us say that you attended both UCLA and Michigan.   If you try to combine the two transcript files and they exceed 1mb, it is fine to upload two separate files.   If you received your degree from Michigan, upload that in the Primary Bachelor degree section and then upload the UCLA transcript under Additional Degree and put UCLA Coursework in the description box. If your primary degree file is from one school but exceeds 1mb in size, you can break it into two files and when you upload the second part in the Additional Degree section put Second Part of Transcript in the description box. In an extreme example, if one transcript is a total of 3mb you can break it into three files and upload in the first three categories (Primary, Additional, Further). As far as the scanning process is concerned, we offer advice on the application web site and I think it is well written so I will just repost it here.   If you are having trouble with file size, please consider the following: Scan a copy at the lowest dpi that still results in a legible document (we recommend to use under 200 dpi whenever possible). Scan in gray scale or black and white. Try making a photocopy first (experiment with different settings until you find one that results in the smallest file size) then scan the photocopy. Question:   I completed a few classes on my own since graduating from college, do I need to submit transcripts for these courses? Answer:   Yes, we need transcripts for all coursework completed since graduating from high school.   Lets say you took two classes at two different schools after graduating for college it would be fine to combine these transcripts into one file and upload the file to the Non-Degree Coursework/Continuing Education section.   Even if you took these classes Pass/Fail we still need the transcript. Advice Print and Review Before Submitting We will be printing the transcripts you upload and if you cannot read them when printed, we will not be able to read them either.   We highly recommend printing a copy of what you are uploading to the site before submitting your application.   If we print your application and cannot read your transcript(s) there will be significant delays in processing your application. GPA Reporting We understand that not all grades are reported on a 4.0 scale.   If you were not graded on a 4.0 scale, in the Previous Education Section of the application, simply put 0.0 for your GPA.   This alerts us that your grades were not reported on a 4.0 scale. Question:   What if I am still in school and I have not completed my degree?   My coursework is in progress so what should I do? It is fine for applicants that are still in college to apply.   Simply request a transcript that reflects your most up-to-date grades.   If this means you do not have grades for the fall semester you are currently enrolled in, that is fine.     If we need more information we will let you know. For example, if we do not see fall grades reported on your transcript, we may contact you and ask for the results.   We also may not feel the need to contact you.   There is no need for you to submit additional grade information after our deadline passes unless we specifically ask for it. Question:   What if I completed my degree and am taking a continuing education class but the grade will not be available until after the admissions deadline? First, please upload a   file showing your registration in the course in the Non-Degree Coursework/Continuing Education Section.   We do not need to see a grading legend, a simple screen shot from a course registration web site would suffice (many schools offer this, however if not, ask the registrar to print a copy for you). We would also like to see this information in the second résumé.   You can enter the name of the class, where you are taking it, post the class description, and list it as In Progress. Question:   What if I plan on taking a class but it does not start until after the admission deadline passes? Please report such information in the second résumé.   For example, if you plan on taking a microeconomics class that starts in February, you can list the class and school you plan on taking the course at in your second résumé.   If there is a description for the class available on the web or via a catalog, please list the description as well. For details on the second résumé, see this entry.

Classroom Observation. The Fundamental Of Classroom...

Classroom observation The fundamental of classroom observation is to evaluate teachers’ instruction performance during classes by using assigned observers and evaluation tools (Gallagher et al, 2011; Learning Point Associates, 2010). In order to observe the teacher performance, core components of teacher effectiveness should be used for designing criteria of rubrics or checklists, such as the quality of demonstrating content knowledge, communicating with students, and classroom management skills (Learning Point Associates, 2010). Although classroom observation has a moderate relationship with student achievement (Kane, Taylor, Tyler, Wooten, 2011; Gallagher et al, 2011), most of the teachers have a positive attitude toward this method†¦show more content†¦According to Learning Point Associates (2010), artifacts is defined, â€Å"Instructional materials such as model lesson plans, assignments, student work samples, audio or video recordings of classroom performance , notes from students or parents, teacher reflections or journals, results from assessments, and/or special awards or recognitions.† (p. 21). Regarding the principle of portfolio evaluation, teachers can evaluate themselves or teachers can be evaluated by their supervisors. Besides, scoring criteria or rating should be used for the assessment the portfolio (Goe et al., 2008). As an advantage of teacher portfolio evaluation, this method can be used to promote teacher reflection in broad dimensions in terms of professional performance development (Gallagher et al., 2011; Goe et al., 2008). Furthermore, Goe et al. (2008) claimed that this method had high face validity because the results were determined based on the evidence. However, the reliability of the outcome remains as a drawback of this method when teachers do not include the relevant artifacts for evaluation and evaluators score with bias (Gallagher et al., 2011; Goe et al., 2008). Besides, another important disad vantage of portfolio is bias when teachers rate their performance at a high level without the significant evidence (Gallagher et al., 2011). In addition, some teachers might be not interested in creating theirShow MoreRelatedSchool Observation And Comparison With Japan777 Words   |  4 Pagesthree aspects of IWB by literature review, school observation and comparison with Japan. 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Then I will explain how these observations were fundamental in my research. Finally, provideRead MoreClinical Supervision Cycle1666 Words   |  7 PagesDanielson (2010) says that teaching describes not only the teaching that occurs in the classroom but also the behind-the-scenes work of planning and other professional work, such as communicating with families and participating in a professional community. The Framework for Teaching encompasses all of these aspects and more within the teacher evaluation process. Administrators should enter a teacher’s classroom with the idea that the teacher is a terrific teacher. Preconceived optimistic feelingsRead MoreAssessment Of The Kindergarten Classroom : An Empirical Study Of Teachers Assessment Approaches1593 Words   |  7 Pages Assessment in the Kindergarten Classroom For many years, educators have been challenged in their efforts to assess kindergarten children using a variety of strategies. 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When I did my first comparison of the two models I mention that one of the major fundamental differences has to do with the assessments of the teachers. In Danielson’s book it was noted that the Interstate New Teachers Assessment and Support Consortium (INTASC) developed the InTASC model â€Å"primarily for student teachers† (Danielson, C.Read MoreImproving The Overall Educational Performance Of All Learners1053 Words   |  5 Pagesinvolvement. In the case of lesson plans, a principal completed his third and final observations on two different teachers. One observation was conducted on Ms. Green, a teacher of 14 years who clearly is an expertise in teaching, classroom management, and classroom organization. The other observation was conducted on a second year teacher, Ms. Louis, whose classroom clearly depicted a well-behaved classroom, with majority of students staying on task most of the time. Both of the teachers wereRead MoreEssay on Functionalism in Education1134 Words   |  5 Pagesmany elements. After observing and analyzing my field placement classroom I have come to understand the concept of functionalism to some extent. In general, functionalists â€Å"see schools as serving to socialize students to adapt to the economic, political, and social institutions of that society† (Feinberg, p.6, 2004). They also theorize that in order for societies to survive, they must carry out vital functions such as, att aining fundamental knowledge and acquiring essential skills and proficiency, acknowledgingRead MoreI Am Observing For The After School Action Program Essay1724 Words   |  7 Pagesanalytical thinking in students while developing leadership skills. In this program, there are approximately 12 students, which 4 students have learning disabilities. Research has been conducted by my observation of various techniques implemented for the inclusion of these students. During my observation, several approaches have been used with success in retaining students understanding of the material being presented. First, as a student whose major is ECL-6 Special Education, I want to study different

Organizational Behavior And Combat Turnover - 874 Words

Employing the Contributing Disciplines of Organizational Behavior to Combat Turnover Organizational behavior is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations, for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organization’s effectiveness (Robbins Judge, 2013). Essentially, Organizational behavior is the study of the actions of people inside of an organization, and how those actions affect the organization’s efficiency and performance. Suppose the CEO of an organization gives a manager the task of studying why the turnover rates of the organization have climbed to over 35% in the last 18 months. The manager can use the four disciplines that contribute to the organizational behavior field to analyze and solve the issue of high turnover. Psychology Psychology is one of the four disciplines that contributes to the organizational behavior field, and it seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behavior of humans and other animals (Robbins Judge, 2013). From a psychological perspective, there could be many contributing factors that are causing employees to leave their jobs within the organization. Firstly, the managers within the organization may be doing a subpar job of motivating their employees. Secondly, the employees may not be receiving the appropriate amount of training. 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Military Leadership Free Essays

The American Revolution comprised mainly of land based forces in the form of army battalions. Because of the early creations of ammunition, the armies are the only available units in the war. Since this conflict primarily involved the intention of independence, it was a very brute event for the commanders of both sides. We will write a custom essay sample on Military Leadership or any similar topic only for you Order Now Christian men are the most proliferated individuals in this war. Interestingly, the American Revolution had a great influence on liberal thought throughout Europe (American Revolution, 2006). On the other hand, the American civil war was a major war between the forces of the same constituents of a nation. However, because of the relative differences in ideology, the war became inevitable and eventually came into reality. The military people in the American civil war may be perceived to have a balanced approach towards victory. Because of the relative smaller scope, the commanding forces of the army may have been somehow reluctant to fight their own citizen domains. They were very prone to social trauma considering that they live in the same national domain with just a little misunderstanding of idealism approaches. It would have been very hard for the army to fight for both sides since they belong to a single line of citizenship. The most explicit factor in the procedure of this war was the collaboration of slaves and the fighting units until the end of the event. Emancipated slaves fought in several key battles in the last two years of the war (wikipedia, 2007). The military personnel still has the concentration of American males with religious affiliations of Christian origin. This made the war very traumatic for both parties. On the event of the Indian wars, the army still had the opportunity to disclose its might. Although naval and air forces are not very significant during this period war, the relative intensity on the part of the army still focused on the aproach to dislodge what native americans were fighting for. The concentration of Native American and English lineages was the main component of the war. Men were still the most active participants in the war while some females of both social parties were engaged in post war operations. The relative differences in racial characteristics of both sides was the aggravating factor that lead to various levels of fight setbacks. The armies of both sides were willing to win against each other. As with the whole population of the American army, most Americans viewed the Indians as incorrigible and non-reformable savages. Those closest to the warring factions or who were threaten by it, naturally wanted government protection at any cost (Davis, 1999). For World War I, the overall capacity of the army, the navy and the availability of the air force, has dramatically changed the way war is staged. For the army, it was during this time that the physical participation of units is reduced because of advanced weapons and guns. For the navy, a greater scope of challenges was encountered due the international scope of the war. The naval forces played a great role in weakening the offenses of the enemy before letting the army proceed with the fight. On the other hand, the air force became a significant penetration unit to dislocate the stable forces of the enemy nation by targeting its internal strengths. Men are still the main forces in these three force units. However, women participation was very visible in the form of service units. Health care and rehabilitation are the main tasks for women involved in World War I. The religious affiliations were significant factors in this war because of the global scope of the conflict. References: American Revolution. 2006. Complete History-Aftermath. American Revolution. Retrieved May 21, 2007 from http://www.americanrevolution.com/. Davis, S. 1999. Buffalo Soldiers and Indian Wars. Buffalosoldiers. Retrieved May 21, 2007 from http://www.buffalosoldier.net/. Wikipedia. 2007. American Civi War. Retrieved May 21, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War#Military_factors. Â   How to cite Military Leadership, Essay examples

We Real Cool Analysis free essay sample

Lines 3-6 explain how they would stay up late, they would sing sin. A way to interpret singing is cheerful, celebrating, and being joyful. So they would celebrate their sins and drink gin. Gin was very popular liquor in the 1960’s until vodka came along. Much of their time is spend on the streets instead of pursuing an education. This action is seen as cool, and followed by other kids as well. All of the â€Å"wes† that are repeated accentuate a feeling of belonging at the Golden Shovel where they play pool. The pattern of the repeated â€Å"we† makes the poem seem as though the actions: getting drunk, staying up late and having fun, is almost a daily routine that revolves around the Golden shovel. This shows that kids such as these 7 enjoy themselves very much at the Golden Shovel. And 7 is a symbol for what they feel. 7 can be interpreted as a sign of luck. We will write a custom essay sample on We Real Cool Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page So they found themselves to be lucky, fortunate to be living the young life. Unfortunately death is symbolized as the shovel and used as an omen. Death is symbolized as the name of the location where the boys find themselves in. The shovel symbolizes death, a casket and a burial. So these 7 lucky boys are surrounded by death. I found this poem to be very entertaining. One of my favorite lines was â€Å"We Jazz June. † Jazz is interpreted as sex and June can be found to be a girl’s name. So when I put it together the boys were staying up late, getting drunk, celebrating their sins and having sex. All of these fun activities that they would rather do instead of going to school would lead them to death.

The Auto Industry of Today Essay Example For Students

The Auto Industry of Today Essay The Auto Industry of TodayThere is no industry more present in the worldwide community than the automobile industry. The automobile has changed the lives, culture, and economy of the people and nations that manufacture and demand them. Ever since the late 1800s when Benz and Daimler in Germany invented the first modern car, the industry has grown into a billion dollar industry affecting so many aspects of our lives. There are more than 400 million passenger cars alone on the roads today. During the early part of the twentieth century, the United States was home to more than 90 percent of the worlds automotive industry, but has shrunk to about 20 percent in todays world (Tardiff 394). This drastic change has occurred by the booming economies in such nations as Japan, Germany, Canada, France, Italy, and other nations. The US auto industry sales totaled $205 billion, or 3.3 percent of the total Gross Domestic Product (Tardiff 394). By the end of 19th century, there were about 500 auto m anufacturers, but that number dropped sharply to 23 by 1917, and today the Big Three dominant the market. Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler make up the Big Three, which account for 21 percent of the worlds motor vehicle production in 1997, with the Japanese industries coming in second, producing 19 percent. Germany produces 11 percent; Spain, France, Italy and South Korea each produce about 5 percent of the international market in 2000. In the US alone, the auto-industry, which includes its 500,000 car-related businesses, creates 12 million jobs (Broughty 290). The automobile is clearly an oligopoly, but each companys control of the market has gradually diminished because of rising foreign competition. We will write a custom essay on The Auto Industry of Today specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The US has three main auto manufacturers; Japan has five major producers, as does Germany. Each of these companies produces differentiated versions of the same product, have control over their products prices, and rely heavily on non-price competition (Womack 154). There are many different types of cars, like: sedans, coupes station wagons, Sport Utility Vehicles (SUVs) and pickup trucks, but by comparing models between two competing companies, you can see how great the similarities are. The auto industry can still thrive even though their products are so similar because the demand for cars is immense and continuous. People rely on cars for so many things that life without one seems impossible, especially in the US which registered 141 million cars in 1988, whereas Japan, the second highest, only registered 30 million (Broughty 96)The creation and production of a new car starts about three to four years before it is released to the public (McBride 102). The initial planning stage beg ins in the companys corporate headquarters with ideas for the car from product planners and company officials. Automotive designers draw prospective sketches of the new car, and once approved, model makers create small-scale models of the car in fiberglass or clay, then forge life size models also in clay or fiberglass. Automotive engineers then develop each part of the car, and mock-up builders create those indigenous parts of the new car. Test drivers check over the entire system, analyzing how it runs, and then gives suggestions on improving the vehicle. Automotive engineers test all the new, specialized parts of the car, and after all the parts are tested, plant engineers plan how to best mass-produce the new car. Of all the people working in the automobile industry, most will be found in this next industry, which is the assembly plant. In the United States, the majority of these assembly plants can be found in the Michigan, Great Lakes area, and on average it takes about ninety minutes on the assembly line for an entire car to be produced (Broughty 105). When planning a new car model, the company tries to create what the consumer wants. This is very difficult because as stated earlier it takes between three and four years to develop a car. When General Motors begins developing a new product, it starts by assembling a new team to coordinate the production. After this team is assembled, millions of dollars are spent on dispensing and analyzing public surveys, private firms own research, government research, and past car sales to determine what the consumer wants. These specifications include physical dimensions, cost, fuel efficiency, comfort, market price, appearance, and performance. GM then would go on to begin producing the car. The most time consuming step when creating a new model is supplying the specialized pieces of the new model. Some of the parts can be carried over from previous models or other cars, but many times the company has to either crea te the new pieces themselves or buy them from a large-scale supplier (Broughty 103). Company then looks for the supplier that will supply the parts the cheapest. After the model car has been created and approved, the plans are made for it to be made on the assembly line. The car is then ready to be sold to the public through private dealerships, which in the US, are not linked with any major automobile manufacturer. GM would then sell its cars to whichever dealership is willing to buy from them. In many Japanese firms, like Toyota, a new system has been created and has been coined lean production (McBride 99). The basic manufacturing ideas are the same, but it emphasizes developing relationships between the company and those it deals with. When Toyota begins developing a new car model, it already has a team assembled, which has worked on previous models. The Toyota team then collects the same information about what the public wants just like the GM team but has a much cheaper way of going about it. Unlike the GM firm, Toyota has formed business ties with car dealerships, and in some cases even owns them. These dealerships use a new set of techniques to sell their cars, called aggressive selling, in which a very permanent, personal, and hopefully life-long relationship is created between the company, the dealer, and the buyer. Since the company keeps ties to its consumers, it already knows what the consumer wants, and the consumer is more willing to buy from the company. Toyota continues developing and producing its car, and it comes across the same problem, as the GM team, of not having all the specialized parts it needs. Like with the dealerships, Toyota has formed many symbiotic relationships with car part suppliers. These suppliers work hand in hand, with the Toyota team and develop any products that Toyota needs for its new model (McBride 100) The past decade has seen many interesting fluctuations within the automobile industry. Overall, the auto industry fluctuates with the normal business cycle, for motor vehicles are an elastic demand to consumers. The more the price for cars goes up, the less people buy cars. For many years, the automobile industry has seen very large profits because the demand and necessity for cars has increased significantly. Recently, large foreign competitors and steadily increasing prices in motor vehicles have reduced these surplus profits within the industry. Consumers are now demanding lower prices and more luxuries in their cars. To deal with this consumer demand, auto manufacturers have begun by lowering employee pay rolls, replacing employees with machines and more capable workers to improve productivity, and many times merge with other companies to better compete in the market. Production growth has been about 2-3 percent for the past few years in the auto industry, and hopefully will continue by implementing new cost efficient procedures (McBride 100). .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd , .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd .postImageUrl , .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd , .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd:hover , .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd:visited , .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd:active { border:0!important; } .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd:active , .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0402fe193b9e9616fbe96604b11f15dd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Prevention Of Environmental Pollution EssayAmerican industries, competing in the international markets, face the problem of a strong dollar compared to the weaker currencies of foreign nations. This means that American cars to foreign nations are more expensive, and foreign cars to Americans are cheaper. This supply and demand problem was solved by the Clinton administration, which opened up many foreign markets previously closed to the US automakers. One of the main markets that the Clinton administration opened up was the Japanese market. This was such a positive victory for the US industries because the Japanese were notorious for charging very little for the cars they sold in foreign countries, making up the difference with extremely high prices for the cars they sold in the closed markets of Japan (Womack 231) North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) also opened up trade to many nations in Latin America, especially Mexico. Overall, between 1992 and 1995 export sales rose 22 percent and the sales to Mexico and Japan each rose 250 percent (Womack234) The auto industry is a major source of jobs in the world. Approximately one of every seven jobs in the US domestic economy is related to the production, sale, operation, or maintenance of motor vehicles (Tardiff 396), which makes abundantly clear the impact the car industry has on society, with GM, Chrysler, and Ford Companies making up three fourths of those jobs. Autoworkers are also among the highest paid workers in any industry and also the most productive (Broughty 44). This great increase in worker productivity, due to advancing technology, also accounts for the huge profit gains the Big Thre e have received in the past few years. Until the late 1960s, the government did not get involved in implementing regulations on the automobile industry. Most of the regulations now placed on car manufacturers have to do with making the car drive safer and be more environmentally sound. Seat belts, airbags, brakes, tires, bumpers, windshield wipers, defrosters, dashboard controls and windows were all the result of government action. Today safety has become extremely important to carmakers because of the high deaths that result from automobile accidents, the government, and most influentially, peoples growing concern for their well-being. Today in United States best selling cars are actually pickup trucks. Americas three best-selling vehicles are pickups, which may be due to the fact that American automakers best understand their countrys love of size and cargo utility. Pick up trucks had dominated sales in U.S. auto market for past decade. According to Forbes the number one selling v ehicle in U.S. is Ford F-series pickup with sales of 433,000 in first half of 2004. Chevrolet Silverado is second with 323,000 sold and Dodge sold 223,600 Rams. Toyota Camry is in fourth place as a best selling passenger car, closely followed by Honda Accord. Market share for domestic automakers is constantly dropping since early 1980s when foreign automakers, especially Japanese, started targeting U.S. auto market with cheaper and more dependable cars. This year through August, Big Three: General Motors, Ford Motor and Chrysler Group, which have been losing U.S. market share heavily for the past 10 years, had a combined 58.8% share, down from 60.2% at the end of last year. Market share for Asian automakers climbed to 34.6% through August, up from 32.6% at the end of 2003. Market share is an important gauge of a companys strength, particularly its ability to withstand industry downturns. And supporting a companys infrastructure employees, factories and suppliers is dependent on a healthy market share and a predictable sales volume. GMs market share was 27.2% for the January through August period, down from 27.7% a year ago. Fords share fell to 18.4% from 19.4%. Chrysler Group recovered a bit from last year loses, to 13.2% from 13%. .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b , .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b .postImageUrl , .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b , .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b:hover , .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b:visited , .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b:active { border:0!important; } .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b:active , .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u65e03e20598afada26bd39ec8880527b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Necklace Compared To The Star EssayThe drop in market share comes as foreign automakers have invaded on truck segments Detroit has dominated: pickups, sport-utility vehicles and minivans. Asian and European automakers began adding truck models in the late 1980s and early 90s. As their lineups have grown, Detroits market share has dropped steadily from the 70% range in 1995. One of the reasons why foreign automakers, especially Honda and Toyota, are being so successful is because are constantly placing greater emphasis on quality vs. cost when selecting suppliers than do the domestic automakers. They continue to emphasize the importance of quality throughout their relationship with suppliers. The domestic companies always have placed greater emphasis on lower cost when selecting suppliers, while showing considerable variation in how they balance cost with quality. Domestic giant automakers have lot more worries than losing market shares from foreign automakers. For the past few years Big Three giants barely made any profits even thought their revenues were close to 200 billons of dollars. Ford and Chrysler are hardly making any money and in some segments, such as compact cars they are loosing money. Basically only segment that operates successfully at this time is a division of pickup trucks and some Sport Utility Vehicles (SUVs). According to Fortune, this table shows revenues and profits of major automobile manufacture companies. Fortunes Global 500 listRankCompanyRevenues ($ millions)Profits($ millions)5General Motors 195,324.03,822.06Ford Motor 164,505.0495.07Daimler Chrysler 156,602.2507.08Toyota Motor 153,111.010,288.125Honda Motor 72,263.74,110.832Nissan Motor 65,771.14,459.098Hyundai Motor 39,100.81,490.1* The 2004 Global 500 list; courtesy of Fortune (from the July 26, 2004 Issue)Works CitedBroughty, James. Careers in Transport. Chica go: The Institute for Research, 1999Farr, Max. Automobile Industry. Hoovers Online. Online. Internet. November 2001Fortune. The Global 500 List. Jul 26, 2004 Issue. Nov 27, 2004. http://www.fortune.com/fortune/global500/subs/fulllist/0,20828,,00.htmlLienart, Dan. The Best-Selling Cars. Forbes. 2004. Nov 28, 2004. http://www.forbes.com/lifestyle/2004/08/02/cx_dl_0802feat.htmlMcBride, Gordon. Automobile Manufacturing. Career Information Center. 2 vols. New York: MacMillan Library Reference USA, 1996 Tardiff, Joseph, ed. Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicle Equipment. US Industry Profiles. New York: Gale Research, 1998 Womack, James P., Jones, Daniel T., and Roos, Daniel. The Machine that Changed the World. New York: MacMillan Publishing Company, 1990

Love & basketball (compare&contrast essay) essays

Love & basketball (compare&contrast essay) essays As one can infer from the title, the movie Love s review and James Berardinellis review not only commend the movie but they also point out a few aspects of the movie that could have been better. There are two areas of the movie that Caros and Berardinellis review compare and an area both reviews contrast. Both say that the story shifts slightly towards the female perspective more than the male. Both also commend the writer/director of the movie (Gina Prince-Bythewood) for the technique she uses. They write that the technique helped balance out the time periods of the characters life, making the movie more interesting and comprehensible. However, they disagree on the characters. Mark said all the characters especially the leading characters were well chosen, while James felt one of the leading characters is not. After all, the reviewers gave Love This movie entitled Love d rather shoot baskets. When Monica was about twelve years old, her family moves into a new house in Baldwin Hills, Los Angelos. There, she introduces herself to her basketball-playing neighbor, Quincy McCall, (Glenndon Chatman). Quincy is a gorgeous person who dreams of becoming a NBA (National Basketball Association) star like is father. The first time Monica and Quincy met, they play a pickup game but when little Monica tries to...